Ob lub Alloy Systems nrog ntau hom kev npaj siab
Aluminium alloys yog cov khoom siv hlau ua rau ntawm lub hauv paus txhuas nrog cov ntsiab lus ntxiv uas txhim kho cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws li lub zog, corrosion resistance lossis conductivity. Pua pua ntawm cov alloys tau tsim los siv rau kev lag luam, thiab ob qho kev siv dav tshaj plaws yog 6061 thiab 7075. Lawv feem ntau suav tias yog ua ke vim tias ob qho tib si yog cov cua sov- kho tau thiab ob qho tib si tshwm sim hauv aerospace, thauj thiab engineering ua haujlwm, tab sis lawv tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv, thiab kev xaiv ntawm lawv yuav tsum ua raws li daim ntawv thov es tsis yog tus cwj pwm.
Aluminium 6061 belongs rau 6000 series thiab yog alloyed mas nrog magnesium thiab silicon. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke muab kev ua haujlwm zoo, zoo heev corrosion kuj thiab lub zog nruab nrab, thiab nws yog yooj yim weldable. Aluminium 7075 belongs rau 7000 series thiab ncav cuag lub zog siab heev los ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm zinc ua ke nrog magnesium thiab tooj liab. Nws tiv taus corrosion tsawg dua 6061 thiab nyuaj rau vuam, tab sis nws ua haujlwm qhov twg lub zog - rau - qhov hnyav piv yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Chemical Composition los ntawm Standard
Cov kev txwv hauv qab no ua raws li cov qauv kev lees paub ntawm txhuas rau cov qib no. Qhov sib txawv me me nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloying yog dab tsi ua rau tus cwj pwm sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv ob.
| Element | Aluminium 6061 | Aluminium 7075 |
|---|---|---|
| Silicon | 0.40 - 0.80% | Ntau tshaj 0.40% |
| Magnesium | 0.80 - 1.20% | 2.10 - 2.90% |
| Zinc | Ntau tshaj 0.25% | 5.10 - 6.10% |
| Tooj | 0.15 - 0.40% | 1.20 - 2.00% |
| Chromium | 0.04 - 0.35% | 0.18 - 0.28% |
| Principal hardening mechanism | Magnesium silicide nag lossis daus | Zinc, magnesium thiab tooj liab nag lossis daus |
Nyob rau hauv 6061 magnesium thiab silicon sib xyaw ua ke los ua kom muaj zog precipitate, uas yog vim li cas ob lub ntsiab lus tau teev nyob rau hauv qhov nqaim li no. Hauv 7075 qib zinc ntau dua, txhawb nqa los ntawm magnesium thiab tooj liab, ua rau cov lus teb laus uas muab cov alloy nws lub zog tshwj xeeb.
Mechanical Properties thiab Temper Selection
Ob lub alloys tau muab nkag rau hauv ntau qhov kev npau taws, thiab qhov npau taws feem ntau tseem ceeb tshaj qhov alloy rau ib daim ntawv thov. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau kev npau taws tshaj plaws yog qhia hauv qab no; lawv yog chav sawv cev- cov duab ntsuas kub thiab yuav tsum tau hloov los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau lees paub ntawm tus qauv siv rau kev tsim qauv.
| Khoom | Aluminium 6061 | Aluminium 7075 |
|---|---|---|
| Common structural npau taws | 6061-T6 | 7075-T6 |
| Kev ntxhov siab -relieved phaj temper | 6061-T651 | 7075-T651 |
| Extrusion thiab tsim temper | 6061-T4 | 7075-T73 |
| Mos annealed temper | 6061-O | 7075-O |
| Tensile zog, T6 (tseem) | Txog 310 MPa | Txog 570 MPa |
| Yield zog, T6 (tus qauv) | Txog 275 MPa | Txog 500 MPa |
| Elongation, T6 (ntev) | Kwv yees li 12% | Kwv yees li 11% |
| Qhov ntom | 2.70 g / cm3 | 2.81g / cm3 |
T6 yog lub zog ua haujlwm rau ob qho tib si alloys. T651 txhais tau hais tias cov phaj uas tau muab tshuaj kho cua sov, kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev ncab thiab tom qab ntawd muaj hnub nyoog, uas txhim kho qhov kev ruaj ntseg thaum lub sij hawm machining. T73 yog siv rau 7075 qhov kev ntxhov siab corrosion kuj tseem ceeb tshaj qhov siab tshaj lub zog, thiab O temper yog siv thaum cov khoom yuav tsum tau tsim ua ntej hnub nyoog.
Corrosion Resistance, Vuam thiab Machining
6061 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntau qhov chaw. Nws cov magnesium -silicide chemistry thiab cov ntsiab lus tooj liab tsawg ua kom nws ruaj khov nyob rau hauv marine, industrial thiab nyob deb nroog cua, thiab nws ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv welded sib dhos qhov twg cov cua sov- raug cuam tshuam cheeb tsam raug nthuav tawm . 7075 yog zoo nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov nqe lus tab sis kom meej meej inferior rau 6061, thiab cov tooj liab - nws yog vim li cas corrosion ntau dua 7. npau taws muaj.
6061 tshuab thiab welds yooj yim thiab muaj formability zoo, uas yog lub ntsiab yog vim li cas nws dominates welded lug thiab dav fabrication . 7075 yog ib qho nyuaj rau tshuab thiab feem ntau tsis pom zoo rau fusion vuam, tab sis nws tshuab rau zoo tolerances nyob rau hauv txoj cai txiav tej yam kev mob thiab yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ib feem yuav tsum muaj zog thiab nyob twj ywm dimensionally raug siab dua . 7075 cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, vim hais tias cov ntsiab lus alloy yog siab dua. 2.81 g / cm3 tiv 2.70 g / cm3 rau 6061.
Daim ntawv thov haum: 6061 Versus 7075
Qhov twg Aluminium 6061 Excels
Kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim kho vaj tsev: txuas hniav, kav dej thiab Scaffolding systems, qhov twg corrosion kuj, lub zog thiab weldability yuav tsum sib npaug
Kev thauj mus los: tsheb thav duab, tsheb kauj vab thav duab, nkoj fittings thiab lwm yam qauv tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas los yog kev siv tshuab fastening
Hluav taws xob ua hauj lwm: connectors, fittings thiab cua sov dab dej, txhawb los ntawm zoo conductivity thiab ua tau yooj yim
Cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv dav dav: cov khoom siv hauv tsev, rooj tog zaum, khoom siv thiab khoom siv, qhov yooj yim ntawm fabrication thiab nqi efficiency dominate
Qhov twg Aluminium 7075 Excels
Aerospace thiab tiv thaiv: tis thiab fuselage qauv, tub rog tsheb thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, qhov twg lub zog ib kilogram yog qhov tseem ceeb
High-cov khoom siv ntaus pob ncaws pob ua haujlwm: cov khoom siv tsheb kauj vab, cov cuab yeej nce toj thiab cov cuab yeej tua hneev uas xav tau lub zog siab ntawm qhov hnyav
Motorsport thiab siab -kev ua tau zoo automotive: ncua kev kawm ntawv, cov khoom siv cav thiab cov qauv sib tw nqa cov khoom hnyav
Robotics thiab precision khoom: caj npab, iav thiab machined qhov chaw uas sib txuas lub zog nrog nruj tolerances
Cov Lus Qhia Xaiv thiab Cov Lus Nug Nquag
Yog hais tias ib feem yuav tsum tiv thaiv corrosion thiab welded, tsim los yog tsim kev lag luam, 6061 hauv T6 lossis T651 temper feem ntau yog cov lus teb zoo. Yog hais tias ib feem yuav tsum nqa siab load nrog yam tsawg kawg nkaus qhov hnyav thiab yuav tsum machined es welded, 7075 nyob rau hauv lub T6 los yog T73 temper yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua. Cov lus nug txiav txim siab yog cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom, kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig, tsis yog tus lej alloy nws tus kheej.
Q: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm 6061 thiab 7075 txhuas?
6061 yog magnesium-silicon alloy nrog lub zog nruab nrab, zoo heev corrosion kuj thiab zoo weldability. 7075 yog zinc-magnesium- tooj liab alloy nrog ntau dua lub zog, qis corrosion kuj thiab qis dua weldability.
Q: Lub alloy twg muaj zog dua?
7075 muaj zog heev. Nyob rau hauv lub T6 temper nws raug tensile lub zog nyob ib ncig ntawm 570 MPa tiv thaiv roughly 310 MPa rau 6061-T6, uas yog vim li cas nws dominates heev loaded aerospace thiab motorsport qhov chaw.
Q: 7075 puas tuaj yeem welded?
7075 feem ntau tsis yog welded nrog cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke. Welded cov rooj sib txoos uas yuav tsum muaj zog thiab tiv taus corrosion yog ib txwm ua hauv 6061, lossis hauv lwm qib weldable, tsis yog hauv 7075.
Q: Cov hlau twg tiv taus corrosion zoo dua?
6061 muaj qhov ua tau zoo dua corrosion nyob rau hauv feem ntau ib puag ncig. 7075 muab kev tiv thaiv txaus nyob rau hauv ntau yam mob, tab sis nws cov ntsiab lus tooj liab ua rau nws muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ntxhov siab corrosion, yog li cov khoom raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ntxhov siab feem ntau tau teev tseg hauv T73 temper.
Q: Puas yog 7075 hnyav dua 6061?
Ntxiv me ntsis. Cov ntsiab lus alloy siab dua nce qhov ceev txog li 2.81 g / cm3 rau 7075 piv nrog txog 2.70 g / cm3 rau 6061, tab sis lub zog ntau dua tseem muab 7075 qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub zog ib chav tsev qhov hnyav.
Q: Cov tempers twg muaj rau txhua lub alloy?
Ob leeg tau muab rau hauv O, T4 lossis T73, T6 thiab T651 raws li cov khoom siv. Phaj feem ntau raug txiav txim hauv T651 rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov, extrusion hauv T6 lossis T4, thiab daim ntawv hauv O temper thaum nws yuav tsum tau tsim ua ntej hnub nyoog.